Separated by the Border with Gena Thomas / Transcript

Note: Can I Say This at Church is produced for audio listening. If able, I strongly encourage you to listen to the audio, which has inflection, emotion, sarcasm where applicable, and emphasis for points that may not come across well in written word. This transcript is generated using a combination of my ears and software, and may contain errors. Please check the episode for clarity before quoting in print.

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Seth Intro 0:40

Hey everybody, welcome back to the show, this is...I think it's Episode 102. And that is insane in and of itself. Before we get started some announcements, head over to the website. CanISayThisAtChurch.com, click on the store button. swing by there, see what you like. I plan to get myself a few things for myself for Christmas. It’s another way that you can support the show if you're unable to do Patreon or for some reason unable to review the show, but there are some fantastic things to grab their see what you like.

And that leads me beautifully to a huge thank you to the patron supporters of the show. If you haven't done that yet, consider clicking that button going over there seeing what level there is no right or wrong answer you feel like. If you if you feel led or you feel like this show is done something spoke to you-you shared it with a friend you know, whatever that is consider supporting the show. I am especially thankful every single one of you this time of year so yesterday I had to renew everything for the next annual year. It is literally because of you every single one of you patrons that that can happen and so I am so thankful have big plans for next year. And so as I alluded to in Episode 100, I would love to do a live show somewhere. And so expect a survey to pop up somewhere on the website of some possible places to go. Gonna have to you know, hit a critical mass to make that happen, but I would like to make that happen so I will make some kind of a pole or something that goes on there. But I would love to do something live and see if we can also get a guest there, make something special of it way outside my comfort zone, but I'm really happy to try it. If I’ve learned anything these past few years, when I get outside my comfort zone, a special things happen. And I'm excited to try to do that. So enough of that.

So if you haven't noticed here, at least in the United States, we are in the middle of a political season. Yesterday at recording this intro Canada had their election and I honestly don't know how that went. I should probably look that up. But there's so much talk about air quotes, ‘othering’. You know, the people in Canada, the people in the United States, the people in Mexico, the people in Colombia, or Panama or South Africa, or it doesn't really matter, the people on this arbitrary line that our humanity has drawn that says “we are us and they are them”. Those lines matter and they matter all the more as people start to rhetorically talk about what they're going to do to protect our country or what they're going to do to defend against someone else invading the country.

But I have news for you those borders are arbitrary. They have come and they've been moved. They don't honestly really matter in the kingdom that has its eyes focused on something bigger, such as Jesus Christ. And so the conversation I had today with Gena Thomas, is a conversation about that, but a reframing of it. So what is it like to care for the children that are separated at the border? What are some of the reasons that they're separated? How is the church complicit in that? What does it mean to have human dignity? And then what do we do with all of that? Like, literally, what do I do? Because I don't know what to do. So I really hope that you like this conversation. I hope that it moves you in the way that it moved me said this a few weeks ago and social media. This book was deeply moving. I think there are a couple reasons for that, but so deeply moving. And so here we go. The conversation about being Separated by the Border with Gena Thomas.

Seth 4:17

Gena Thomas. Welcome to the show. How are you doing?

Gena 4:20

I'm well thank you so much for having me.

Seth 4:22

Yeah, thanks for sending me a copy of your book and being on and I've really enjoyed engaging with you on social media like it's been I've really enjoyed it. So a lot of people will say they do that and then they never do. So I appreciate you actually doing that. It's it's been it's been very, I've enjoyed it. So welcome again.

Gena 4:39

Yeah, right back at you learned a lot from some of your other shows that I don't know much about, contemplative prayer and the Enneagram and all that good stuff. So I appreciate all the work you do to

Seth 4:51

Do you like the Enneagram?

Gena 4:52

Very much so.

Seth 4:53

I still haven't decided if I do. I’m fine with knowing that I'm a five. It doesn't mean…

Gena 4:57

Oh yeah, you've decided?

Seth 5:01

Well, I was talking with my pastor the other day. And he's like, dude, you're five. I was like, why? And he says the fact that you have to break them all apart 28 different ways before you can decide—you are a Five.

Gena 5:13

Yeah

Seth 5:15

and he was talking not just to me, but to other people. But I thought about it and I don't think he's wrong. But also we talked about like integrating and being healthy. And then, you know, going further along the little triads and I can see how when I'm in a bad mood, I act a different way. And I think I'm more often act that way than I do, the way I would want to act. And I also have, you know, speaking with my wife and a bunch of other things like, yeah, the way that I probably act, most of the time is not very safe or healthy. So I got to work on that. But I do it so often. I thought for the longest time that that's what I was, even though it's an unhealthy version of me like it's a very dictatorial…dictator….dictatorial, what's the word?

Gena 5:58

I don’t know that's a good question. I’ll have to look it up I'm a five too.

Seth 6:03

Authoritarian…? Yeah, that's it. Like if the kids don't listen, like no, no, listen to me, this is what's going to happen. And if you don't do this, this is what's going to happen. I'm gonna tell you why it's gonna happen. You shut your mouth, you're 10...you know

Gena 6:14

(laughter)

Seth 6:15

Which is not the way it should work. So that is why that's not why I have you on. So tell me a bit about you. This is my favorite question that I ask. What makes you-you? What are some of those high points, the low points and then kind of blend that into what you do today?

Gena 6:30

Yeah, well, I am a five as well. So I really like to research things I like to understand and observe things. I, my husband and I, we were missionaries in northern Mexico for about four and a half years. We were seven months married when we moved down there. And we ended up starting a coffee shop ministry was kind of more like a social business and it was a ministry. But we started a coffee shop and worked with local community there kind of helping out in impoverished areas and I was just really struck by the poverty and really felt unequipped to even offer any type of solutions. Which led me to then go on and get my graduate degree through Eastern University in International Development. And that really was the catalyst for what I do now and where I'm at and why I am really just seeking justice. That is definitely the thing that makes me tick the most. It always has, but I've never really understood it as deeply as I do now.

And my first book is all about merging development principles with short term missions practices, because of long term missionaries. We were in Northern Mexico and saw just a lot of the damage kind of front and personal that could happen when short term teams came and kind of did their own thing. And I struggled with that a lot. And then, really, the basis of the book comes from the Biblical concept of justice and what is justice? What does that mean? And my conclusion is that most of the time when we do missions work We're doing charity work rather than, than justice work. And so I kind of laid that foundation in my first book, which really led me to even get involved in fostering to begin with. So which is what we're about to talk about.

Seth 8:12

Yeah, fostering is a big thing. So there's a couple people in my church that do fostering, and I know our church does like a foster ministry, where …hat do they call it? I'm going to speak way out of turn, if I get it wrong, you know who you are if you're listening. I'm sorry that I got it wrong, because I will see you on Sunday and I apologize. But I won't put her name on blast here.

So apparently, like one of the big things locally here is if there's a foster placement, and I'll be real honest, I don't actually know how a lot of that works. You know, you get that call and you're getting a kid, hope you’re home because here we come. And they don't really have anything. And so one of the things that my church through this ministry is done, which I think she started along with some other people locally, is there's like a store of bags for men, women, or whatever the right verbiage is, where there's toiletries, there's underwear, there's clothes, there's toothbrush, there's stuff that you need. Because a lot of the foster parents weren't really expecting that to happen (a child arriving today). It's just one of the things and I'm sure there's so many more things I don't know about.

Gena 9:12

That's awesome.

Seth 9:14

You talk a bit about this a bit in your book but why fostering? How did how did all the other stuff that you do and other countries why did that make you feel called to foster?

Gena 9:23

Yeah, um, it was quite a journey for me. I started traveling internationally when I was 16. And I had seen a lot of different situations in which there were very impoverished children and I really like desired to adopt from a very young age. I actually had never desired to have children biologically, from the moment that I started seeing some of that stuff and so that desire to adopt when my husband and I got married, I was like, this is a deal breaker, dude. So are you in or not? And he very willingly said yes, but also wanted compromise and wanting to have at least one child biologically. And so we decided after our first child that we would start looking to adopt, and we had our first child in Mexico. And so then we started looking for opportunities to adopt. And at the same time, like I said, I had started the online program, that master's degree program. And so I was learning a lot about how little I knew about the region that I lived in and that I came from. And I realized that in a lot of my travel, it was easy for me to see the needs of others when I was in another country, and very difficult for me to recognize those very same needs in my own backyard. And so that whole concept of “white savior life”, right as, as my friend Ryan, who just says, we're all recovering white saviors. If we can get to that point, that's the best that we can be.

And I definitely believe that and feel that I'm on there as well. But things did not work out for us to adopt in Mexico. And when we return the United States, we started learning more about foster care and really, that was from just kind of better understanding local needs and recognizing that there are vulnerable children in the United States that need just as much help and support and love as all the black and brown babies that I love to hold and show others that I'm holding on on Facebook, right. So I started kind of researching that and we started to take the classes, it's a 10 week thing, at least in the county that we took them in so it's a pretty serious and deep commitment. And then there's like, several different things you have to do after that. So it's quite a long process to get involved in. But it's very important, I think, for it to be so long, because it's such a difficult journey. And if you're not ready and prepared for it, then it really does a lot of damage for everyone.

Seth 11:45

I’ll just be upfront. And I may take this out. I don't know. So I wrote a bunch of questions. I did want to talk about White Savior, but I think in the book, you call it a God Complex. And I can't say this person's name. So I'm going to try. So you talk about or you're quoting somebody that's quoting Someone else have a Jayakumar Christian’s God complex term that was borrowed from Jurgen Moltmann, which is funny is Jurgen Moltmann is a harder name to say than the other one because of all the extra dots. But that's the one I know how to say better. So yeah, break that apart a bit because I think you're right. I have a lot of friends that are not white, and constantly saying, Yeah, but look at it through this lens, like look at it through this, like you're missing the whole point. Like I hear what you're saying, Seth, but you're not wrong. But that's not like there's a semi colon here and there's 28 sentences after it. So break that a bit of how do you view that, like, what are we doing and how do we not do it?

Gena 12:34

Yeah, I think so. That's Jayakumar Christian, who wrote the book, what is the book called… God of the empty handed and he breaks it down as you know, there's these different areas in life where we kind of become the person in control-the person who has all the answers, and it is a God complex within us. And a lot of times I think for those who have grown up as white American, and maybe even Christians, we're very much in the dominant society. And so as White Americans, as Christians, all of these things are the majority in our country and in our nation and it's very easy for us not to see culture. It's easy for us not to see different aspects of what we look at, because we're so used to being around other people who look the same as us and who also look at the world the same as we do.

And so these God complexes are within us in which, basically, we play God in the role of other people. And I think it's easier for those who are typically in the dominant group to do this. And then the God complex in the less dominant group is one that says that you're not worthy, right? And so we have these two opposite ends of this balance beam where we're rarely ever balanced. And on one side, you know, we're saying we are daughters and sons of the king, right, and in that aspect, we can do whatever we want. And on the other side of it we're saying we are the worst sinners ever we can never do anything right; and I think that the gospel lays out for us a path in between those too recognize that there's a tension between that and and that there are times when especially as a white American woman I think that things are the way that they are for reason that they should be this way but I'm not seeing the whole picture like you were talking about. I'm not seeing underlying systemic issues right oppression because I don't have too; I'm the one doing that oppression so I don't have to see it.

Seth 14:31

Yeah, I want to be real honest for a minute so the beginning, what third, of your book was really hard for me to read. So you tell a story about a foster child Julia correct? And but it's not just like her story single is awful. Well, again, I'm choosing to focus there there are other parts that are not so awful. So can you kind of described for those listening that probably have not read the book yet. And if you haven't go by it's a fantastic book, but it'll hurt you. Especially if you're someone like myself that you just don't want to deal with raw emotions, it'll hurt. I don't think that many people, especially in the West have any idea what actually happens at the border for immigrants or migrants trying to come across regardless of their age, but specifically for kids. Like the struggles, the sexual parts like that is just horrendous. But as you feel comfortable how would you try to describe that for those that haven't read the book of you know, hey, regardless of what you see on CNN, or Fox News, or MSNBC, or Google, here's what's actually happening based on your experience.

Gena 15:39

There's so much to it, it's really challenging, and I kind of feel bad in a way to generalize a lot of it. But there are so many of these stories that In Julia’s case, specifically, she's from Honduras, and there's a lot of violence happening there. There's a lot of gang activity that's really kind of taking over in a lot of ways, different aspects of life. And so, specifically for their situation, they were coming up to the United States economically, for economic resources and the whole point was to gain employment to get enough money to pay for medicine for another member of the family. So it wasn't because of actual violence that they were fleeing, it was because of economic oppression. And Julia came up with her biological mother, Lupe, and her stepdad, Carlos. And when they came up from smugglers, so they had paid the smuggler $7500 USD to come across the United States and essentially just get released to Border Patrol, that was kind of the plan. But at the last stop in Northern Mexico, the smugglers decided to to keep the biological mother as a hostage. Essentially, it turned out into to being sexual exploitation. So then Carlos and Julia came across the river and ended up in a Border Patrol facility and then they were separated.

That separation is a little mysterious as to why they're separated but there was a “zero tolerance policy” was happening at the time, even though it wasn't public until several months later. Which the zero tolerance policy was basically the US government trying to deter families from coming up to the United States; trying to deter immigrants from coming and just separating mothers, and fathers, and children right on the spot. And we can talk about more, more of that in a little bit. Basically, Julia was separated from her stepdad and then went into what's called Office of Refugee Resettlement.

So those pictures of the cages that you see at the border, they really are there, they really do exist. And in the front, two sections of the specifically the facility that I visited, which was probably the one that Julia was, was that as well, the front two sections are for parents and children. And then behind that is a section specifically for unaccompanied females, and then there's another section unaccompanied males. And so they all get placed into this holding cage. And within it kind of depends on situation. They're not supposed to hold them for longer than 20 days, something like that it within a detention facility, whether that specific about first one or another one that they go to after they're processed. But it just depends on the situation and the manpower that CPB (Customs and Border Patrol) has at the time.

But then she was released to Office of Refugee Resettlement and unaccompanied minors who then go through them are placed with, typically, it's someone that someone knows within the family somehow. And so for this specific situation, it was the stepdad’s sister, she was already in North Carolina, and so Julia was placed in what's called a sponsorship family. The Office of Refugee Resettlement, the only thing that they do to close their cases within 30 days of the child being placed, they make a phone call, and there's no telling what's going to happen on the other side of that phone call. Somebody might answer somebody might not but that's all that they are responsible to do.

So she was living with a sponsorship family. And the only way that we even were able to connect was because she started wandering the streets one day, and while everyone was away from the home, and the police found her, and when they found her, she only spoke Spanish. So they ended up taking her to DSS. And our social workers knew that we both, my husband and I, both spoke Spanish. So that's how she ended up in our home.

Seth 19:31

Why would the goal be to get collected by CP? It seems that the the goal would be to get in and assimilate and not get caught. Like why would it be to get caught?

Gena 19:39

Well, um, I guess. In some situations, immigrants are then released and then can kind of live out until they are sent back. That's not happening as much anymore with this administration. But I think specifically in their case, I think it costs more money for to be smuggled to the point where you kind of avoid Border Patrol, that's going to cost more. Does that make sense?

Seth 20:07

Gotcha, Yeah, it does.

Seth 20:46

As I was reading through, I think it's the chapter on immigration. I'm saying that wrong. I don't speak Spanish very well. But you talk about I know as Julia is coming up, and is it Reynosa, is that the name? So that name for me was so familiar. And so I pulled it up on Google Maps. And I just look on the other side of the border and it's because of McAllen (TX) and I texted my mom was like, didn't Nana and Papa used to live in McAllen and we would go down there and visit? I am from West Texas not far from-a couple hours from the border. But Laredo, Lamesa, Presidio, those were high schools that I would play in sports. So a lot of the names were all familiar, but that one in specific…but it made me just…I was a child when I was there (McAllen), but I remember not even having a care in the world. And I can remember actually walking across the border, having lunch And then walking back. But that was way before 9/11 so all the rules were different.

Okay. So when people talk about the border, it is always political, every single time and it quickly becomes very hateful, very fast. And so I'm going to use a sentence that you use.

When the veil of Oz is lifted from white evangelical American eyes.

What does the church do with that? Like, because that is a big thing like it will, I can see people walking away from the church, people firing pastors, because the pastor speaks out about it. Like, how can the church do that? And then as well, how is the church currently complicit in not doing anything if that makes sense?

Gena 22:26

That's a great question. I mean, I think that we have an obligation as Christians to see the humanity and other people. I think if we claim Christ as our Lord and Savior, then we also claim that the Imago Dei is imprinted in every single human being. And so that's where I think that we have to start with this stuff, whether we are Democrats or Republicans or independents, it doesn't matter, we have to see the humanity of other people. To me that is non-negotiable as a Christian and I'm not saying that I always do that right or that I'm called to do that perfectly every time.

But we must call each other to do that, because I feel like that is a divine impression that we have that sets us apart from other people, from other belief systems that say that that every single human being is made in the image of God. And for that reason they have innate dignity that no one can take away. I think that's first and foremost where we start as Christians. Sadly you are right there are a lot of churches who are not talking about that or if they are its very negative.

I've heard stuff from the pulpit that is just so incredibly dehumanizing. I can't really believe it. And so I think whether you are a church leader or just a churchgoer, it's very important that we recognize that Imago Dei and that we also use language that reflects that.

So we don't call human beings illegals because a human being is not illegal. Actions are illegal, but human beings are not, and so we pay attention to the language that we use and we pay attention to how other people are talking about it and we speak up when they're saying things that are derogatory or demeaning.

Seth 24:06

Has there ever been a time at least in your research, and I say research because as a five, I feel like you’ve probably broken it apart because that's at least that's what I do when I find the thing and I latch on, I don't let it go. Have we ever done it better than what we do now or have we just not been as aware of it? Like, was it not vocalized or publicized? Has there ever been a time that we as a country, and I don't mean, like at the founding, when literally people just came and goes, they want it? Right, that we've done it better than that?

Gena 24:34

That's a great question. I don't know that there is. I think it's just kind of history repeating itself. When you think about forced family separations, we can go through our own history and realize that that's happened to every non-white group of people in this country from the beginning; it's nothing new. I do think that we have more visibility to it now than we ever have before. But also we have more visibility to the amazing Christian workers on the border who are in the midst of this and on the battlefield every day in and out, toiling their selves and their bodies and their families for the sake of that dignity.

Seth 25:11

I saw an article and I didn't read it in full, I think it was yesterday. And so for those listening yesterday would be August 14, right? Yes, August 14. There was a minister at the border that was escorting unaccompanied minors across the border. And I don't know what happened with that. I'm assuming he got arrested because that sounds like something that would happen. But I remember seeing it and I read a little bit about it, and then the Washington Post tells me that I had read my amount of free articles for the month and so I didn't, I didn't pay for that. I only got three, three paragraphs because you know, why wouldn't I want to read a great story. But I found myself questioning, you know would I have the gumption to do that. And I would like to say yes, it's easy enough to talk here in Central Virginia and say, “Yeah, of course. Absolutely. I would. I'm actually let's do this thing”. But I don't know that I could, which I'm sad to admit out loud.

Gena 26:04

But it's honest, right? I mean, we always will want to be better people than we are. And there are moments in time where we just don't know. I think it's more holy to say, I don't know what I will do in that moment than to say, Oh, definitely sacrifice my life for this person.

Seth 26:26

I would like to think that I'm a big enough man to do it. Me too. And I honestly think that I would. But I also know I have three children of mine and a wife that I love dearly, and that also matters. I'm curious so every time that I talk about immigrants from either Honduras or Colombia or any of the other what I'm going to call banana republics, most people have no idea what I'm talking about. They think that I'm talking about the clothing brand that the Gap company bought. And you talk a bit about banana republics and American capitalism complicity in creating the reason that they're even migrating to begin with. And most people I find have no idea what I'm talking about. And so I have to send them a bunch of reading, and then they don't read it. So how would you kind of break that down? As a nation what has been our complicity in even causing the problem of immigration into the country to begin with?

Gena 27:19

Yeah, well, there's a couple of different things. The first thing is with banana republics, you know, we have had these multinational corporations that go to other countries and essentially exploit people there. And in the case of Honduras, there was one situation in which it seemed like a really good idea where workers were offered a house alongside of their work right. But then the mistreatment that followed to the workers and the exploitation that continues to happen throughout the world, especially when we are so greedy about our capitalism, that was then kind of used against them to say, you either keep this job that's a horrible situation; that's treating you poorly, and you keep your house or you lose your job and you lose your home.
And so like you just said, you know, you have a family and you have a life that you're trying to protect as well, that you're trying to maintain as well. And so for these workers, that life was kind of juxtaposed next to, you know, good working conditions. So really the level of greed, and, gosh, just the exploitation that we do to immigrants, especially even in the United States, when they come into United States, especially those who don't have papers, it's so easy for their employers to exploit them. Because the threats are just, “hey, well, if you don't do this, then I will report you to ICE” right. So these these horrible working conditions that maintain the comforts that we have in this world have perpetuated this, the cycle and it's really sad. You know, we often talk about as Americans, as white Americans, we often talk about how capitalism is the best, right? But when you really dig down into it, it's just as greedy as every other type of government, sadly.

Seth 29:07

I don't know that there is an ungreedy type of go. Because there's people that people that run them. I'm sure they're all, in their most altruistic form, good as a thought, right? You can make the same case for the church, “good as as a thought” and then we really screw it up. All the way back to I was using this example the other day of I would talk about gun rights with somebody which is way off topic. And he's like, Well, you know, this, that and the other and then you know, why did Jesus you know, why did why if he didn't want us to be armed to be able to use that, why would he tell you know, the disciples to get a sword, and then come? I was like, you're reading that wrong, like, literally, I'm going to pray don't hurt anybody, like just hang tight. I'll be back in a minute. I'm going to go talk to God for a minute and, and then come back and guy lops his ear off and we both know you don't aim for an ear, you aim for a head and you get an ear. You don't aim for an ear but if you can then man props to you. That's marksmanship. And then Jesus has to apologize and look at him and be like, that's not what we're doing here. What's right with you? You're missing the whole point. And I think so often church misses the whole point.

You reference someone that I have spoken to in the past, but I'm curious your take on it. And so Kathy Khang, who talks about, you know, assimilation and raising your voice, she takes it in a different direction. But I want to kind of get your thoughts on, let's assume that things go perfectly. Let's assume five years from now the administration is in such a way that we actually genuinely think people matter just because they happen to be people, and we let them come in. How do we allow people to enter our culture without losing their own and without losing ours? Or is that even the wrong way to frame the question?

Gena 30:53

I mean, I think that we're dealing with us in all different aspects of life right now, especially when we talk about diversity in the workplace, diversity of thought in the church. Trying to create safe spaces without making sure that people assimilate to your dominant culture. And, you know, I talked about this a lot in the book, but it was so difficult to do that with Julia in our home because our home was our culture, right. And just kind of realizing so much of…when I even went to her home in Honduras, I saw things that I thought, oh, wow, this is why, like, for example, going to the bathroom, it wasn't a big deal to leave the door open for her. But it's a huge deal for us as foster parents with a male child in our house as well. And, you know, at her house and her home, that's not something that that you have to do regularly. And so kind of recognizing that there are different cultures, I think is first and foremost.
I think Daniel (Hill) talks about how easy it is for us as white Americans to not even realize that we have a culture and It's so important for us to first and foremost recognize that we do recognize it's the dominant culture, and then start kind of seeing things through other people's eyes. And I think step one in that direction is becoming friends; its relationship, or that's what justice really is, to me is relationships.

And so recognizing that and saying, like, hey, for my Honduran friend, it's not a big deal for a seven year old to be cooking supper. It's just not. But for us, that seems incredibly strange. And that shouldn't happen. Well, why should it not happen? Like, then kind of go through those those things? And I think in order to do that, especially in the church, we have to, we have to really understand what the Gospel is and what it isn't and how much our culture has co-opted what we think the Gospel is.

Seth 32:47

Let me break apart that last part. A lot of people say what the gospel is, what isn't it?

Gena 32:55

The Gospel is not white Jesus. I think that's the biggest thing that we need to recognize is that the Gospel came to a brown skinned, marginalized man who, like you said was non violent. And his idea of power is the complete opposite of my idea of power. And always will be, and I will always have to recognize that and work against it and understand that humility is power.

Seth 33:23

Yeah, for the people not listening in the back, rewind the 15 seconds because Gena is preaching at the moment. just rewind it, and then come back to here.

Seth 33:57

You talked a lot about lament, and I haven't touched on them in some time, but if I remember right, it was either Mark Charles, or Professor Soon Chan Rah, who I know you quote [in this book]. I don't remember who said it to me. But they had said something like 60 or 70 or 58, or some high percentage of the Scriptures are lament. And if it's alright with you, you wrote a lament and I'd like to read a bit about it. If you're allowed, if that's fine,

Gena 34:21

Yeah, sure that’s fine.
Seth 34:23

And then kind of get your take on what does that look like as a nation as we lament because we have a lot to lament for: we’ve got mass shooting everyday basically, I saw…I actually saw at a store the other day or an online store that I can buy a bulletproof backpack for my kids. How fantastic is that?! And I hope the sarcasm is dripping through the microphone for that. But there is so much to limit so much filament. And so, here is what you wrote. Let me find it.

I lament for the adulting you had to endure

and I think your talking about when someone left her home. I believe her name is…hold tight and I'll get it… Karen,

I lament for the adulting you had to do at such a young age for the bonds that must get prematurely cut for control you should have over your life but don't, for decisions made without your input, for the environment you had to grow up in. For the foster put before your name, and the prejudice that will come from it.

And then you go on and it is beautiful and gripping. But how do we wrestle with lament both personally and in our families? And then in our churches? And then what do we do with that? Because that's a lot of emotional energy, that will just get wasted into nothing. So what do we do with all of that lament?

Gena 35:37

Yes, individually, I think it's important especially speaking, both of us are five it's important to feel the emotions that we feel. I think I have to personally tell myself, don't not feel this right now. And I think it's easy for me to feel the pain of other people sooner than I can feel my own pain. I don't know that everyone is like that, but I feel the pain of the world sometimes. And I'm willing to feel that pain more than I am willing to feel my own pain.
And I'm not saying that that's necessarily a byproduct of white evangelicalism, but I will say that that was definitely an influence to that is that, you know, you're not allowed to cuss. You're not allowed to cry, you're not allowed to. If you do cry, you cry in private, if you're a woman, it's okay. If you're emotional. If you're a man, it's totally not okay. Never, ever, ever, are you allowed to be emotional.
And you know, even when, like when I was thinking about some of the different black men who had been shot recently and like several different ones with police brutality, one of the moms was just crying and weeping over it. And it's important to listen to that. It's important to hear through the cuss words. If they're there, that's totally fine that they're there like hear what she's saying behind that and don't just turn it off and say, “Oh, it's just a mother morning a death” no there's a lot more to it than that. And so I think individually we have to recognize where we're at personally, but then collectively as the church I think we need to make more space for lament. And it's easy in this world in this like, current social media world to kind of show everything that is wonderful and good and nice and on Instagram, right? Everything looks perfect, and we don't show our bad hair days, right? We don't show our big zits that pop up on our forehead every day.

Seth 37:30

Everyday is a bad hair day (joking) look at this hair (lack of)!!

Gena 37:33

Look you're already one step ahead of the rest of us. (Laughter both)

But I think I quote Medina in there where she talks about how we should be allowed to be ugly in church, right? We should be allowed to have these moments where we just break down, and it's okay to have an ugly cry, and it's okay to to weep with someone else when they're weeping and the certainly the Bible tells us to do these kinds of things. Professor Soong Chan Rah talks a lot about the triumphalism of the American evangelicalism, right…and how easy it is for us to have praise songs and hype songs and all that kind of stuff, but not to really sing through lament, how to use lament as a way to process our spirituality. And I think it’s very important for us to do that.

Seth 38:16

So last question on lament, and then I want to end with something that I think could be a call to action, maybe it doesn't, who knows? If a church, your church, my church, the Church, just there's church, literally, I'm looking at across the street at the Presbyterian Church, if they could somehow figure out how to embrace lament, assuming they didn't lose every person that went to that church. That would probably change the congregation base. What do we do in the communities that we're in with that fuel? With that reservoir of emotion? What are some things that we can pour it into, or what are some organizations either at the national level or the local level at the state level that we can pour that emotion into?

Gena 38:53

Well, I think that if I could give only one piece of advice it would be to recognize that people who have been oppressed regularly understand lament a lot better than I do a lot better than we as white evangelicalism does. And so if we can find those churches in our community because they're there and partner with them, and pay attention to what they're lamenting over, and what ways that they are not being treated fairly, or the Imago dei is being demeaned in their lives, that I think that's probably the most powerful thing we could do, because they are part of our community, and we need to be connected to them, and learn from them.

Seth 39:33

The last question is political on purpose, because I also realized that I did not say the name of your book. And so let me do that real quick. When we're talking about people being Separated by the Border. That is for today, that is an entirely political issue. It has to be because it's a government issue. The church has a voice, I have a voice. The people that live on the border, have a voice, both sides of the border actually have a voice, not just my side.

So You quote someone named Sarah Quezada, because I think I said that right, that she says

the inherent problem of border patrol is that we're addressing a humanitarian crisis with a national security response.

Gena 40:16

Yes.

Seth 40:17

How should we then address it? Like if you were the person? I don't think it actually is the President, the person in Congress that goes, we're done. What would you change because you have a touch a pulse of it that a lot of us don't. Being that you've been there. You foster children that have been there, you have a different viewpoint?

Gena 40:38

Yeah. Um, I think if I were in a position of national leadership, then I would go to the border and find the organizations who are already working there. And I would have conversations with them. There's, there's this amazing Sister Norma. She's an amazing Catholic nun who works there. I believe it's in McAllen and runs shelter, a migrant shelter, to help those who are being released, but have to then go back and report to their court date. And there's there's all kinds of other organizations who are working along the border, I have a whole list of resources on my website, Genathomas.com/resources, that kind of goes through an actual list of things that people can do. But I think first and foremost, like find where people are actually being treated like human beings, again, in that image of God, and replicate what they're doing.

Seth 41:31

So you just said the website, where else do people go to find your stuff? And I can't remember the due date of the book, October what… October 12?. Dang it, I knew it had to really had only four or five options, and I missed all of them. October 29. So that will be available everywhere that fine books are sold. That's when I stole that from somebody Luke Norsworthy I think but I like to say that fine books are sold. That's where you'll find that and I'll make the same commitment to you that I've made a few people as I walk through like Book-A-Million if I see it, I'm going to move it to the end cap because that's my commitment. That's my commitment to you; someone probably fix it later but I don't care.

Gena 42:07

A full service podcast host right here, this is awesome!

Seth 42:10

I am addicted to book. So if I already have it in my hand right there, but where would you point people to to engage with you converse about the book with you to possibly have disagreements with like, yeah, whatever when you point them to

Gena 42:26

Absolutely. So best place to find me is on Twitter, @GinaLThomas, and then that same handle on Instagram, Facebook, all the places, but I'm trying to quiet my life a little bit more and not be everywhere. So Twitter is the place to find me.
Seth 42:41

Thank you again, Gena, for coming on.

Gena 42:44

Seth Outro 43:00

So put yourself in the mindset of Julia, you know, that traveled and was separated from her family. Literally her family is trying to do what they can do to support themselves economically. And all the reasons that go with that, whether or not you agree with the premise or not, they're still (valid) reasons. It's still a human that bears the image of Christ, and it still matters. So what do you do with that? How do you sit with it? And I still wrestle with what I saw Gena, you know, I have so many responsibilities and obligations here. What do I do? And we touched on it a bit when I spoke with Jeremy Courtney, not everybody's called to go, not everybody is called the foster but you're called to do something. I know that you are because we're all called to do something. What is it?

Really hope that you were moved by the conversation today as I was very special thanks to one of my favorite artists, he's McNease for your music in this episode, you will find the links for today's tracks on the Spotify playlist for Can I Say This At Church which has also been turned into an apple music playlist. Check both those out. Please remember to rate and review the show tell a friend share it with a friend. Can't wait for us to come back together next week. Be blessed everybody.

Jesus and The Dead Sea Scrolls with John Bergsma / Transcript

Note: Can I Say This at Church is produced for audio listening. If able, I strongly encourage you to listen to the audio, which has inflection, emotion, sarcasm where applicable, and emphasis for points that may not come across well in written word. This transcript is generated using a combination of my ears and software, and may contain errors. Please check the episode for clarity before quoting in print.

Back to the Audio!


John 0:00

Well, you know, in John 3, you know, Nicodemus comes to Jesus at night and wants to talk with him and Jesus starts talking about the necessity of being born again of water in the spirit in order to enter the Kingdom of heaven. And Nicodemus is just completely, you know, appears to be completely confused by these concepts. And Jesus gets a little bit frustrated with him. And, you know, from the earliest age when I was reading that passage, you know, I thought to myself, you know, Lord, why are you getting frustrated with Nicodemus? I mean, how can you understand this idea of being born of water in the spirit clearly, that's a reference to baptism, but Lord, you haven't fully introduced baptism yet. So how could you possibly expect Nicodemus to get it and thus why are you getting you know, a little bit frustrated with him for understanding isn’t that kind of unfair?

Seth 1:25

Here we go. Hello, everybody. I'm Seth, this is the Can I Say This At Church podcast? Fantastic episode for you today before that a few brief announcements. So I am in the middle of trying to rework the logo a little bit basically, for those of you that have seen my picture on anywhere, I don't have a lot of hair on top of my head and so my head gets cold. And I would really like a Can I Say This At Church beanie or toboggan? I grew up in Texas so we call them toboggans. And I'm going to make one it'll be added to the store So get yourself some swag head over the website. look at a few things. If you see something like yeah, I don't like that I would like this instead, let me know and I'll make it will throw it up there. But head on over there. See what there is and get you something!

If I'm entirely honest, I don't know anything about the Dead Sea Scrolls really at all the little that I do know is really bits and pieces of overheard and misread articles Da Vinci Code type movies, History Channel specials, and really weirdly produced documentaries. And that is why I'm so thrilled about today's conversation. So I had the honor of talking with John Bergsma it is a fantastic story. And you'll hear some of that in the episode but we talked about the Dead Sea Scrolls, why they matter and how they intersect with the Gospels, how that impacts the life of Jesus, the ministry of Jesus, and so much and this is fascinating. And you hear me get so frustrated at the end of the episode because there are so many things in here that I wanted to talk about, and there's just not enough time in an episode of the podcasts and so I would highly encourage you to grab a copy of this book. For those that support the show on Patreon at the level to get a book, this is November's book. So do not go out and buy it. I'm sending it to you. But for the rest of you highly consider it; it's one of the best books that I've read all year. If you're one like me that you just love facts and data, and I do so I was really I had a lot of fun geek out on this one, and really digging into the weeds of how the Dead Sea Scrolls matter. And all the different correlation. Here we go. Let me show you what I mean. Here comes a conversation with Dr. John Bergsma

Seth 3:45

Welcome to the show. And thank you and your people for sending me an advanced copy of your book Jesus in the Dead Sea Scrolls. I know if people will buy the book and I highly recommend they do. They will be as blown away as I was because so much of what is in there. I was just entirely ignorant up, but I think a lot of people are, but I want to table that for a second. And I'd like you to kind of walk us through a bit about what makes you because in the book I read, you know, it seems like your religious journey has had a few different roads or on and off ramps or service roads because I'm from Texas, so we've always got that massive service road next to the interstate. Talk a little bit about what makes you you kind of your story just in a in a nutshell, if you could.

John 4:27

Sure. So I grew up in a very devout Protestant family. My dad was a US Navy chaplain, preacher man, in the military and I followed that track as well. I grew up all over the US mostly on the coast, being as they are near water and being in the Navy, good to be near water, the boats and stuff, you know. So I spent a lot of time in Hawaii growing up as there's a lot of Navy out there that went to West Michigan, to our denominational college and seminary spent 10 years there getting various degrees and was a pastor in West Michigan for a number of years. Ended up going on for a doctorate in Scripture at the University of Notre Dame and South Bend, Indiana, great football school. Aside from football they are also a major center for Dead Sea Scrolls research, which I did not realize when I was accepted there.

But I quickly realized when I got there, so that's where, you know, the the origins of this book lie, because that's where I got introduced to the scrolls at Notre Dame. I also got introduced in a close way to the Catholic church there; encountered some very remarkable, faithful Catholic people who were living their faith in able to explain it, and that pretty much blew me away. I'd never met Catholics like that before in my life, and they got me to read the church fathers and eventually got convinced that the Eucharist is the body-blood of Jesus Christ. [I] entered the Catholic Church in 2001 and ended up getting a job at Franciscan University of Steubenville here and been teaching here for 15 years.

Seth 6:13

I'm jealous of the ability to be in Hawaii for a job or at least a family job. And then I have a follow up question that does the Navy have bases that aren't attached to the water?

John 6:23

Well, not exactly. Let me think here they're all near bodies of water but she got some some odd naval bases like on the Great Lakes, which kind of doesn't seem to know really, but its water. Yeah, this there is there is a naval base near Chicago. Yeah, I guess they're all near water.

Seth 6:42

That's that's to defend against, I guess the Canadian naval and invasion coming, I guess. Well good, I want to drill down to the Dead Sea Scrolls and we alluded to this before we got going. I know very little about them except for they are a thing, and apparently an important thing. You see them come up once or twice a year, you know, during some big discovery. I actually read something not long ago that after, 50 years of translated research and they're about to come up with something like some some big text on it. And I might be saying that wrong but that it's, you know, an ecumenical there's Hebrews and Catholics and Protestants and a bunch of people bringing their minds together to try to pour through them. But I wondered if you could kind of give us context like, what are the Dead Sea Scrolls? Why should people care? How does it matter?

John 7:35

Yeah, those are great questions. Let's see how we can tackle that. What are the Dead Sea Scrolls?

The Dead Sea Scrolls are the library of a Jewish monastery that was active during the lifetime of Jesus, and they are our only documents that we still have in existence that were written contemporary with the lifetime of Jesus and the Apostle. You've got First Century, you know, documents here, not just that they were composed at that time, but I mean, they were actually written, you know, pen on —not paper—they're written on leather, which is called parchment. And sometimes on papyrus which is an early form of paper. But you are going back to the first century with these things, their current, you know, contemporary documents physically, and that's absolutely fascinating, because as well, as we'll discuss, it gives us a picture of Jewish life; a window into Jewish life and thought that's contemporary with the Gospels and oftentimes sheds light on little cultural details in throwaway information that we don't pay attention to in the Gospels, but you know, actually has some cultural significance in light of the scrolls. So that's one reason they're important. They also contain our oldest copies of Scripture, you know, the oldest copies of the, of some of the books of the Old Testament, in some cases over 1000 years earlier than any other copies of the Scriptures that we have certainly in the original language, which is, which is Hebrew.

So, you know, that makes them big-a window into this pivotal period when we have the origins of our faith, as well as the oldest copies of our sacred books, the older copies of the Bible.

Those are biggies and besides other kinds of, you know, archaeological and historical data that they give us. That's it in a nutshell. Let me leave it at that and then you take it where you want to go.

Seth 9:54

Has there been anything in the decades since their finding-founding, whatever that word is, since they were unearthed or exhumed, that has kind of changed the landscape of the church proper? Where we thought something at one point and now because of the scrolls, we have to reinterpret everything?

John 10:12

No, I wouldn't say anything that drastic. Rather, I would say, you know, the scroll have served to confirm quite a number of things that we've always believed. And now we're able to put specificity to it, and produce stronger arguments for things that we've always held to be true. One of the things that it comes immediately to mind is the Gospel of John, you know, Christian tradition has always held it to be from the Apostle John, written in the first century by this man named John who actually knew Jesus. And for a couple centuries, the Gospel of John was just kicked to centuries later and people said, “Oh no, this can't be a contemporary account of Jesus. It has signs being influenced by later Greek philosophy, yada, yada, yada”. And so German scholars were dismissing the authenticity of this Gospel, and we didn't have a lot of resources to combat these arguments.

But then, with the discovery of the scrolls, we suddenly found, Seth, the phraseology, the language, the diction, kind of the slang, if you will, that you find in the Gospel of John is contemporary with the lifetime of Jesus. You have unusual phrases and terms of speech, you know, expressions, etc, that are only found in the Gospel of John and the Dead Sea Scrolls, which were written in the first century AD and first century BC. And suddenly the light went on for scholars that oh my goodness, the Gospel John is not a later document. It is using the language of Jews that were living In the time of Jesus and even earlier, so I mean, that's it in a nutshell. But I mean, it could go into greater specifics on that. But it made a whole sea change in scholarship on the Gospel of John.

And now it's rare to find a scholar who doesn't at least admit that the Gospel of John is a first century document a document written within the lifetime of somebody who knew Jesus. That's big, because it's, you know, the most important Gospel for our faith. So just things like that and we could mention others as well, but the scrolls have tended to confirm what we kind of believed already, but give us a way of arguing it and get some data to support it.

Seth 12:46

I'm gonna, I'm going to temper my questioning mentality, but I really want to rip apart that last thing that you said of John being the most important Gospel for our faith, but that's an entirely different topic, and maybe an entirely different time. But I really want to rip that apart. But that's okay we will table that. I want to talk about a different John. So you at the beginning a book you kind of, you know, for listeners, you kind of set up the ”here with the scrolls are, here's kind of how we read them”, you know, in some of the books and there's one called War. And then there's a bunch of acronyms that I still don't quite understand, in my limited understanding of like, there's like QMMT. And from what I understand those are different manuscripts and the abbreviations for those manuscripts as a reference point, correct?

John 13:26

That's right. Oftentimes, you know, scholars use jargon to refer to the scrolls. And the scrolls are often given names in Hebrew, and then, you know, are known by acronyms. So a famous scroll that relates to St. Paul's writings, is called for QMMT. And that's a lot. You know, that's a big mouthful, but it's short for a long phrase in Hebrew, basically that would be even harder to remember and say so.

Seth 13:57

Yeah, absolutely. Yeah. Well, I mean, it was it was easy to enough for me to at least remember part of it as someone uneducated in it. So I think that it is serving, its most certainly serving its purpose. I remember it better than some books of the Bible, probably, you know, that I'm not as acquainted with. I want to drill down. So, you know, this these dead sea scrolls there in the Qumran community. And can you tell us a little bit about why that community existed kind of how it stood apart from the community proper with the other sects of the Pharisees and the Sadducees? And then kind of you correlate that to John, which is the part where I began to actually it took me, john, it took me took me many months to actually read through the book, because I kept setting it down. Because it was so much new information, especially about John, I never really given much credence to John. I always kind of looked at John as a means to an end, and then being Christ. But I can see now where I was wrong in that, especially if some of the correlations that you bring forth are correct. So can you kind of set the context of why Qumran had to exist and then kind of how that relates to John the Baptist?

John 15:02

Sure. So, you know, in the first century, the decades leading up to the life and career of our Lord, there's basically three major schools of thought within Judaism at the time. And the first two schools of thought are very well known to us from the pages of the Gospels. You know, they're the Sadducees and the Pharisees and you know, the Sadducees were this wealthy elite group, quite snobbish that controlled the temple. And you have to understand about that, that the temple was a huge source of revenue. So whoever control the temple made a ton of money. And that enabled, you know, the Sadducees to live a very affluent lifestyle, which did not ingratiate them with the rest of the populace, you can be sure, and they also collaborated with the Romans quite a bit that didn't make them popular either. So that's a Sadducees. Then you got the Pharisees: Who were more like middle class scholars and really bookish sorts of people, they dominated this Scribal trade. And they wanted to get everybody to live by a very, you know, precise observance of the Mosaic law. And course you see that reflected in the Gospels, and they sometimes went overboard on very Picayune issues well, neglecting you know, larger subjects like faith and love and justice and so on and Jesus gets on their case about that. So we're familiar with the Pharisees, but then there was a third movement, Seth, actually, we do find them in the Gospels, but they're not named. And that's a group that we call the Essenes. We know them from a historian of the time period, a man named Josephus which is just Latin for Joseph, but this this man, Josephus, he was a Jewish scholar and General went over to the Roman sides during the war that took place in the year 70 that ended up with the destruction of Jerusalem. This man Josephus, he wrote voluminous histories of the time period we're very lucky that he did because it gave us a ton of information about characters that we find in the Scriptures like Herod the Great and the other Herod's and Pontius Pilate, etc.

But this man Josephus tells us about this third sect of the Jews, these Essenes, and they're basically a holiness group-a group that was practiced asceticism-life of self denial, life of poverty, they expected the Messiah to come at any time, you know this sort of like, one of these End Times groups. I don't know folks remember the Branch Davidians from when I was a teen out in Waco, Texas. A little bit like that, you know, one of these little bit crazy eyed groups expecting the Messiah to come anytime and they break off and, you know, form separate communities. These Essenes, Seth, they were unique among the branches of Judaism because they practiced celibacy and monasticism and one of the monasteries that they established, the only one that we have, you know, good data for was on the shores of the Dead Sea. It flourished from about the year 150 BC to around the time that Jerusalem was destroyed around the year 70. And they lived out there a community of 100 to 200 men praying, working, copying the Scriptures, you know, the basic things that monks typically do. And they hid their library up in the caves around their community when it looked like they might get attacked by the Romans.

And it's a good thing they did hide their library because that preserved it and we stumbled across it beginning in 1947 and the remains of their library is what we know of as the Dead Sea Scrolls.

Seth 19:06

I want to drill back down to how that relates to John in a minute but you said something there. So is there any evidence from any of the scrolls or anything else archaeologically that there was more than one monastic community of the Essenes or were they really just there in Qumran?

John 19:20

Well, that's a bit of a debate, you know, we have three ancient authors that describe them, you know, Josephus and Philo the famous philosopher from Alexandria-Egypt, as well as Piney, famous Latin geographer and historian and scholar. And all three of these guys described the Essenes, and then we have their internal writings as well.

And the only archaeological evidence we have for a monastery from their group is the famous one at Qumran on the shores of Dead Sea that gave us the famous scrolls. But from their internal documents, as well as from the external historians that describe them, it seems like they were more widespread than just one location. So I am among those scholars that think that they must have had some other established communities in other places in Israel that we have not discovered yet or may never discover, recover. Maybe we're still completely destroyed and there's nothing to find. But they felt like they were more widespread, certainly than just one location.

Seth 20:40

How did the Essenes relate to John the Baptist?

John 20:43

Yeah, that's a great question. You know, one of the most famous scholars of the Gospel of John, Father Raymond Brown, wrote a famous commentary on the Gospel of John and the Anchor Bible series, etc. But anyway, Father Brown points out that almost everything that said about John the Baptist in the Gospels, seems to have some kind of connection to the Essenes and to this current location. So let's see, where should we jump in? John the Baptist, you know there's an interesting statement and Luke that he was out in the desert until basically his career began.

And that's kind of a funny comment, Seth, because it makes it sound like

Seth 21:32

Child abandonment?

John 21:36

(Slight laughter)

Yeah, like Elizabeth and Zechariah just sent this little five year old out into the desert to raise themselves, you know, like, what is going on there?

Seth 21:42

Times are tonight then…I mean, it'll be fine. He'll be totally fine. Right.

John 21:48

But I think the scrolls help us to understand what's going on there because this is a monastery out in the wilderness and they took in boys and raised them in and literally ”formed them”. That's actually what the historian Josephus says. He says he formed them using that term, you know, like we use formation. So I think that Zechariah and Elizabeth sent, you know, John, their son out to the monastery to be raised and formed by these monks. And you know, them being elderly and all that would kind of make sense. Maybe they didn't feel they had the even the strength and gumption to raise a little boy at that advanced years. And they also wanted to give him a good education. And clearly these monks from the remains of their library, these are some of the best educated religious scholars in the whole of Judaism at the time.

So anyway, that would explain why John was out in the wilderness until he begins his career. And then when John is described to us in the Gospels, you know, one of the curious features about him is his diet, right? So he's eating bugs and honey and stuff like that. So what's up with that? We just take it for granted because from childhood, we've been told that John the Baptist does this; so we don't think twice about it. “Oh, that's just what John the Baptist does!” right? Why is he doing this? There's no command in Scripture that if you want to be super holy, you got to eat grasshoppers and honey or something. But I think there's an explanation for it. Because again, getting back to this historian Josephus, who tells us about this group called the Essenes he mentions that folks that got excommunicated from their monastic order with sometimes nearly starve to death because they had taken oaths when they joined the order never again to eat food prepared anywhere outside of the monastery.

The reason they took those oaths was at the major form of punishment in the community was having your rations reduced. And of course, if you're free to, you know, go down to McDonald's and get a Big Mac that reduces the effectiveness of you know, having rations in the monastery reduced. So to make this effective, they put everybody under the severe oaths and then, you know, if you didn't follow the rules, you had your rations reduced, etc. and that was pretty serious.

And then if you were excommunicated, why then you didn't have anything to eat at all. But apparently a loophole, Seth, around this was eating stuff that was just available in the environment that was not, per se, food that wasn't prepared by anybody. So Josephus mentions people eating grass, people eating bark and John is finding stuff that has a little bit more protein and carbohydrates than grass and bark. You know, the honey and the grasshoppers, but this would explain his funny diet if he had been excommunicated from the community and was out there living on the land. That would you know, it suddenly makes sense of what otherwise it's just kind of a bizarre off the wall detail about his lifestyle.

Then he's out there, he's got to be within a few miles of the north end of the Dead Sea. It describes him as “baptizing people in the Jordan” of Judea, which was very close to where this monastery was, so he had to encounter them, or be in some kind of contact with them. And, the question arises like, why would he have been kicked out? My theory is because he wanted to bring the message of repentance and preparation for the Messiah, to a bigger audience, including non-Jews, including Gentiles and that's something that these monks were not doing.

When we read the Dead Sea Scrolls, we see that they were very much all about preparing for the coming of the Messiah. But just for Jews, they did not want to bring the message to the other nations to the Gentiles. John, however, is at the fords of the Jordan preaching to Roman soldiers, pagans, whoever comes along, and that's actually prophesied in the book of Isaiah.

Isaiah is all about bringing the good news of God's salvation to all the nations. And John is all about Isaiah-he identifies himself with Isaiah 40:3 when he's asked about his life mission. So I think personally that John was reading the prophet Isaiah said, “Look, Isaiah says we got to bring the message of God's salvation to all the nations”, but the monks were too, you know, chauvinistic, shall we say about their Jewish ethnic identity. And they're like, No, we’ve got no use for the Gentiles. We can't bring this out to the nation's despite whatever Isaiah says. And I think it got to be a sticking point between the two of them, and they just had a parting of the ways. And John said, Fine, you know, if you guys are not going to bring this message to a broader audience, I'm going to do it.

And so he goes a few miles up the Jordan where there's a huge trading crossroads where almost literally the whole world travels through on their way to different parts of the Near East. And he begins preaching and is enormously successful and doing it.

Seth 28:10

There are…you reference often trying to find the right way to phrase this question. A concept is one of them…I'm saying this wrong. So there's a concept of ”two messiahs”. And in the book, you know that I guess, John, and because of the lineage that Luke puts in at the beginning for kind of his lineage is where he comes from, and then how that relates to Jesus. But that's not a concept that I'm very familiar with. And I'm also curious, is that a concept that the Pharisees and Sadducees would have held as well or is that just an Essene thing? But I guess we should start with what are you even talking about when you're talking about two messiahs? Because that's something that when I read that I highlighted and said, Wh…What did you just say? Because I'm pretty sure that that I have a Messiah, and it's never been John. Can you break that apart a little bit?

John 29:00

Yeah, absolutely. Well, you know, we're kind of conditioned by our tradition to just take it for granted that there would only be one Messiah. Now, what does the word Messiah mean? It's Hebrew, anglicised Hebrew. So the Hebrew word is messiah. It means somebody who's smeared with oil, it's the smeared one. So, we render that in English as Messiah and then the Greek is Christos, or Christ. That's what smeared means in Greek. And so Christ the Messiah, I mean the same thing, somebody who's smeared with oil.

Why would he be smeared with oil? Well, it was a sign that you were being set apart for a special role, typically kingship but also priesthood and prophethood as well. The folks were marked with oil at the beginning of their ministries as well. So when we look at the Old Testament, there are prophecies particularly aimed at the Royal House of David. David, the great king that one day David's son would come back and he would be the anointed one. And he would restore all the good things of David's reign to the people of Israel.

But, Seth, when we look at some of the prophets, they give indication that there will also be a priestly figure. So if you look in Zechariah, for example, Zechariah makes references to two sons of oil, he calls them, who will appear in the later days. And this seems to be a reference to an End Times priest and also an End Times King.

So the Essenes tool Zechariah rather seriously on that issue, and they expected that there's not just going to be one Messiah, but this can be two messiahs, a royal one and a priestly one. That was probably fairly unique to them. We don't have indication from the Sadducees believed that the Messiah was going to come at all. They were non messianic, the Pharisees their hopes were focused on probably just one Messiah, a Messiah from the line of David a royal Messiah.

But the Essenes thought, well, maybe there's going to be two of them. And what I argue in the books, Seth, is that St. Luke, especially, the way he sets up the Gospel, he seems to be reaching out to the Essenes and saying, “Hey, guys, I know you were expecting a priestly Messiah and a royal Messiah. But if you look at it at a certain angle, that's indeed what God sent us in John the Baptist and Jesus.” Because John is a kind of priestly Messiah. He's got a priestly lineage to his father Zechariah and he comes in, preaches prepares and anoints the Royal Messiah who is Jesus of the line of David. And if that's what you're expecting, that's kind of what God gave us. So get on board with the Jesus program you Essenes, because this is kind of fulfilling what what you're expecting. So yeah, I think Luke is kind of a Gospel for the Essenes in a certain way, not just for them but in part for them.

Seth 32:25

Yeah, the way you say Essenes there it almost sounds like a pejorative, like get on board you Essenes, just but maybe that's just because of the way the word is said. I'm curious and this is not really in the text. So this many centuries later I think that when we hear the word Messiah, all we think of is Jesus and Lord, and so the ancient Near East would be using the word Messiah as a verb, as a title almost, but not as a salvific title, but as a calling title, or am I hearing you wrong in saying that?

John 32:56

I don't think so. Although I'm not I'm not sure where exactly we'd want to go with that.

Seth 33:02

Just an aside question because, yeah, because if Messiah just means, you know, smeared with oil or anointed, you know, I think you could argue, David would be Messiah, because he was anointed as well as every King of Israel, they would they would be anointed as well. Correct?

John 33:20

Exactly, exactly. Right. So when we read in the Psalms, you know, the Psalms will refer to the Lord's anointed, or, you know, the Anointed One, etc. in Greek, it comes off as your Christ. That's right, we're, as Christians we think of applying the term as Christ only to Jesus but we should be aware that the term has a pre-history and in the Old Testament, there were many anointed ones, many if you will, messiahs, you know, they were anointed priests. They were anointed Kings etc. Yeah, but in time, you know, under the influence of the prophets, you know, the the hope to the people became associated with a unique, anointed one.

The Messiah, not just a Messiah but the Messiah that would fulfill everything and that's kind of the concept that that we're more familiar with.

Seth 34:22

I'm going to bypass some of my questions in the interest of time. And so I'm going to try to summarize some of this into this question. And so, you know, in the Gospel of john, we've got Jesus meeting Nicodemus, you know, who was a leader in the faith community there at the time, and he basically tells him this, you know, the story about you know, nickname is you're missing it, you're going to kind of have to be, you know, reborn, and, he references, you know, water in this type of stuff. And so as I was reading through that, it seems unfair, and you argue as well, it seems unfair for him to expect it's like me trying to explain algebra to my fifth grader like, Why do you not understand this boy of course, you should. understand this?And so you talk very well about you know, Nicodemus and why that matters and kind of the community that that's written to and so can you break through and I will say Nicodemus is just one of my favorite stories in the entire Bible and all the of all of the pages that that whole scene is just fantastic. But can you kind of walk through how Nick a demon's kind of relates back to the Dead Sea Scrolls? Kind of how those two come together?

John 35:23

Yeah, sure. Well, you know, in 3, you know, Nicodemus comes to Jesus at night and wants to talk with him. And Jesus starts talking about the necessity of being born again, of water in the spirit in order to enter the kingdom of heaven. And Nicodemus appears to be completely confused by these concepts and Jesus gets a little bit frustrated with him. And, you know, from the earliest stage when I was reading that passage, you know, I always thought to myself, you know, Lord, why are you getting frustrated with Nicodemus? I mean, how can you understand this idea of being born of water in the spirit? Clearly that's a reference to baptism. But Lord, you haven't like fully introduced baptism yet. So how could you possibly expect Nicodemus to get it and us Why are you getting, you know, a little bit frustrated with him for not understanding isn’t that kind of unfair? And scholars looking at that have proposed that, oh, gosh, you know, this doesn't make sense. This is early Christian storytelling. You know, a conversation about baptism in the lifetime of Jesus is anachronistic. It's, you know, it doesn't make sense in Judaism.

So clearly, this is Christians decades even centuries later, who by that time are very familiar with Baptism, they're kind of writing their Christian theology of baptism back into the story of Jesus's life and concocting a fictional story about how Jesus discusses baptism with a Jew within his own lifetime, which of course doesn't make sense blah, blah, blah! So if you follow me that far the light that the scroll shed on this is that you know, up to 100 years before Lords birth, these monks out on the shores of Dead Sea. They're already practicing a daily washing with water that they believe is forgiving their sins and communicating to them the Holy Spirit.

Now, I don't think that their daily washing, in their ritual pools out there in their monastery where the Dead Sea, I don't think that they were actually getting the Holy Spirit - I think that rhey were getting ahead of themselves. I think that the Holy Spirit was not poured out until Jesus came, okay. But they were moving in the right direction is what I'm saying, you know, they're kind of getting ahead of themselves in salvation history. But they foresaw that when the Messiah would come, there was going to be this water washing for renewal that was going to you know, give the Holy Spirit etc. So the reason this becomes so fascinating is that this is going on for decades, you know, prior to the life of Nicodemus, our Lord, etc.

And so when we go back to John 3, these concepts about water washing to receive the Holy Spirit, etc. These were in the air this is this is part of the Jewish theological conversation of the time. And Nicodemus should have been aware that if he had been keeping up with the theological journals, if you will, or you know, at least reading the papers, you know, whatever.

You know, if you've been keeping up at all with with, with theological conversation, and apparently he wasn't. Here he was one of the ruling members of the Jewish Council and and he wasn't even taking the time to kind of keep up with the theological conversation of the era. And so suddenly, my point is, John 3 makes sense within that time period, because people really were talking about the necessity of water washing and his connection with the Holy Spirit, etc. at that time. So we don't need to say that the gospel of John is fictitious, late, you know, etc. This this really make sense within the lifetime of our Lord and of Nicodemus.

Seth 39:47

And I want to keep in that concept of time. And so again, I'm going to abbreviate a few questions into one because for those listening earlier, we talked about kind of some of the topics that I wanted to get to, and we're not going to make it to all of them and that's entirely fine, but also slightly frustrating. But again, I have the book here. So for those of you that want to know more, you should definitely matter fact I'm actually going to send the book out. John, you don't know this, but there's a certain level of patrons supporters that I send them a book every month. I think I'm going to make this one November’s, October’s has already come out. So like I really have enjoyed it. So in the interest of time, so many of the pushback that I get from so many people that hold to, you know, an errand see view of Scripture, which I don't necessarily, you know, if there's any contradiction, it's either intentional, or all of the bath water goes out with all of the baby and then I’ll light the whole house on fire because my God can't handle any inconsistencies. And what you hear from a lot of people and you allude to it in the book as well, very popular people like a Bart Ehrman, or a bunch of people will basically say, you know, all of these stories of the Passover, the crucifixion, The Last Supper, everything doesn't line up.

And then in the book, you talk about well there were two liturgical calendars which really shouldn't be a surprise to people because we still have one you know that our Eastern Orthodox, brothers and sisters, they usually celebrate Easter on a different timeline than we do. And every once in a while, they may be around the same day, which is really beautiful. But I wondered if you could break that through a bit. And then I had alluded to I had a thought process with that, and I may be off base and you can tell me if I am but kind of how did those two timelines sit with the Synoptic Gospels and John, and how can the two be reconciled?

John 41:23

Sure. Well, one of the major apparent discrepancies between the Gospels is about the dating of Passion Week. The first three Gospels: Matthew, Mark and Luke portray our Lord celebrating the Last Supper on Passover. But John seems to suggest that Jesus is being crucified on the day before Passover. And if you look at the relevant passages in the Gospels, you can see this. So some make a huge deal about this, you mentioned Bart Ehrman. Bart Ehrman brings this up and employs this as a argument to try to disabuse Christians of their confidence in the Gospels etc. Like, look at this, the Gospels can't even get the dating of passion week correct. So how can we trust them on anything else and like you said, throw the baby out with the bathwater?

Now, there's different possible explanations of this. But what I argue in the book and what I'm personally convinced of is that, first of all, there were more than one liturgical calendar operational among the Jews at this time. There was an older calendar that was followed by the Essenes and probably some other, more conservative groups that always celebrated Passover earlier in the week on a Tuesday evening, because Passover itself was on a Wednesday in this calendar. And then there was a more recent calendar that had been introduced in about the year 150 BC that involved whats called a lunisolar calendar, involves a clumsy correlation of the cycles of the moon and the cycles of the sun. And in this calendar, Passover moves around quite a bit.

And in any event, this provides us though an explanation of why the different Gospel authors could be referring to Passover taking place on different days. In fact, it's striking because the Gospel of John actually refers to the Passover of the Judeans on a number of occasions. And when you think about it. So that's kind of an odd phrase. It's like saying, so like, you know, the Fourth of July of the Americans. Who else celebrates the Fourth of July? Right, you know, the Fourth of July of the Russians, you know, what are you talking about?

But actually, the Passover of the Judeans is not a throwaway line, because in the lifetime of St. John the Apostle, there were several different Passover’s. There was the Passover of the Samaritans, who had a different cultural history, they were descendants of the Northern 10 tribes or they had a different temple up on Mount Gerizim which is mentioned in John chapter 4.

There was the Passover of the Essenes, who by the way did not call themselves Jews or Judeans they refer to themselves as Israelites and they observed a different Passover. So it's actually significant that John mentions that he's, you know, following the Passover the Judeans, and that's not mentioned in Matthew, Mark, and Luke. And so what I propose in the book is that Matthew, Mark and Luke are following this older liturgical calendar, which Jesus seems to have sympathies for but John is following the Judean calendar, the main calendar that was followed by the temple. And the different gospels are dating the events attached week according to these different calendars. Our Lord celebrated Passover according to the older calendar with the disciples but then ended up being crucified on Friday, the day before the Passover that was according to the temple calendar at that time. This provides a historically plausible explanation for this apparent discrepancy. I find rather convincing actually.

Seth 45:16

You argue in the book too it…I'm reconciling two calendars and you have a nice breakdown I cant remember what page it's on, maybe 97 or 102, something like that of, you know, if we're interpreting both calendars and we're using all four texts, you know, Matthew, Mark, Luke and John, you get a little more time for Jesus to actually maybe be on trial that he was crucified for, as opposed to zipping through all that in the matter of, you know, midnight to the morning or maybe even to the evening like that's a lot of I mean, wouldn't hit like 3,4,5,8 too many trials to fit into effectively a morning, which I like and I never really put that down together, but I really liked that logical time travel of things to fit in a little logic box. And that made a lot of sense to me. And then here was kind of my thought on that.

So when you reconcile the two calendars, and I think this is my thoughts, maybe you wrote it and I just don't remember reading it and maybe that's where I took it from but correct me if I'm wrong.

So for me, you have Christ, Jesus Christ, reconciling both Passovers so he's able to in one calendar, do the last supper and the Passover feast with one text and then he's also able to actually be crucified and reconcile things again on another Passover on the cross, which I find beautiful; a reconcilement of everything, and maybe that's me.

Maybe you wrote it, and I just can't remember reading it. I honestly can't remember, but am I off base with that where it's kind of it can be interpreted as maybe reconciling both of those calendars and all of the Israelites as well as Samaritans and everyone else together at the same time?

John 46:54

Yeah, I mean, that's how I see it as well. If this calendar explanation is correct then you have our Lord celebrating Passover, according to one, and then he appears not to drink the final cup.

You know, that's a separate discussion. But he, our Lord, appears to break off the Passover celebration with the disciples before drinking the last and fourth cup of the Passover. He undergoes his passion but then he significantly drinks wine at the cross. We see that in John 19, he very clear takes that final drink and then says it is finished, which could be a reference to the Passover liturgy that he had begun in the upper room, and then he dies as the great Passover lamb at the time that the lambs are being sacrificed in the temple for Passover. And you're right so he bridges the gap between two liturgical calendars, it seems like he's uniting in himself, all these divisions that the Jews had broken themselves into? And, you know, reconciling Judaism, reconciling the liturgy, transforming the Jewish liturgy into himself; transforming the old Passover into the new Passover. Yeah, it's really quite beautiful. Yeah, if this theory is true, it kind of works out quite nicely.

Seth 48:24

There's so many more things that I want to talk about, you know, baptism, water, Mark, Paul, and we don't have time for any of that, because I had made a time commitment. I feel like I could honestly because this is so much new information, probably talk for hours about it. But I can't and I don't think either, can you? So John, where would you point people to grab ahold of the book? I'm sure it's available everywhere that fine books are sold. To hear more about this. I know you've got a couple videos online, like where would you direct people to to begin to dip their toes into this slowly and I would advise slowly because it is new information and it's a new lens to see Scripture through. And I know for some people that can be uncomfortable, but I also think necessary, but where would you send people towards?

John 49:10

Sure? Well, you can get you know, a copy of the book that you know this is a Penguin Random House. So you can find it at Walden books or Borders or, you know, all those places; Amazon as well. If you want a signed copy, you can go to my website, CatholicBibleteacher.com and go into the store and order a signed copy if you want. But, yeah, I recommend the book. I mean, I wrote the book for believers, for Christians, to kind of introduce them to the scrolls, you know, highlighting the information that's most interesting for people that are practicing Christians.

And so you know, there's lots of other books on this, on the scrolls, out there but oftentimes they are very technical and they're not concerned with what would be of interest to people that they're trying to live a life of prayer, you know, follow the Christian faith, so that is a Avenue there.

And also on my website, you can get a audio of kind of like a highlight reel of the book on an audio talk called the Dead Sea Scrolls for Catholics. lLighthouse media has an even shorter version of that, just a one hour excerpt of that. That I think it's available on their website as well, when our introduction to the scrolls. So that's available. I've also got a like a 30 hour audio course on the scrolls that folks can jump into, but I would recommend maybe getting one of the shorter audios before you do that. So this the resources that are out there, like get folks started.

Seth 50:57

Perfect. Thank you so much again for your time early this morning on a Monday, and thanks for coming on the show. And really, I can't stress this enough like I really enjoyed your book. I read every book that I talked to people about, but I don't always really enjoy the books but I really just the way that my brain likes to rip apart facts and like suck them all in like really, really, really enjoyed it. So thanks for writing it. I look forward to digging more into it. And thanks again for coming on.

John 51:24

You bet. Thanks so much. Take care. Everyone.

Outro 51:54

I want to stress again, just how much I did not talk about with John on this book, so much in here, I've not really made correlations to had no context for. I genuinely think that we do a disservice by not digging further into the Dead Sea Scrolls, and all the different correlative properties of it. If I've learned anything over this last, you know, five, six years, there's so much interweaving together of the Ancient Near East, and it only makes scripture more beautiful, it makes Jesus more beautiful, it makes so many things much more rich and deep. And it is worth the effort and so highly encourage you get the book it is worth. It's worth it. Go get the book, and very special thanks to Neon Feather for the use of their music in this episode. And if you like that song, or any of the other things that you ever hear on the show, there is both an apple music playlist as well as a Spotify playlist for Can I Say This At Church. I tried to update it as frequently as possible. There's hundreds of songs there. They're all special to me for their own reason, but it's fantastic. Go get that there. I cannot wait to talk to you all next week. Be blessed everybody.

How Has it Already Been 100 episodes ‽

Note: Can I Say This at Church is produced for audio listening. If able, I strongly encourage you to listen to the audio, which has inflection, emotion, sarcasm where applicable, and emphasis for points that may not come across well in written word. This transcript is generated using a combination of my ears and software, and may contain errors. Please check the episode for clarity before quoting in print.

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Seth Price 0:00

Hey, everybody, thanks for listening and supporting the show. Here we go. Here we are Episode 100. Holy smokes, this is a thing. How can this be a thing? Anyway, I thought long and hard about whether or not to make a big deal out of two years or Episode 100. But I don't know, for some reason 100 just sit well with me, it is an absolute joy to be able to do this. Now, I can't thank everyone enough. I often get emails and messages and phone calls and tweets and other things that I don't know how to check probably in. So I probably haven't answered those. But I usually don't tell people what I think. And I don't really express my opinion, often unless you're in a very close knit circle. And part of that is what makes this episode entirely terrifying for me, because I'm usually afraid to be entirely transparent. But let's do that this. Let's go in no particular order. let's answer some questions from some of you. So Katie asked, how has my faith journey and speaking about it publicly affected my relationship with my wife, with my friends with my church? Because she finds it some people don't take it too well. And yeah, I fully agree with that. And so I don't know what order that I'll answer these in. But I'll probably go with the easiest first, many people have heard me brag about the church that I currently attend, and that I have attended for some time as being a place that allows people to disagree, that holds tension, I think, well, and so it has affected probably some relationships with some of the people that I know, at church, it has made me sometimes, what's the word I'm looking for? It is made me I think often people tend to associate themes or topics and my willingness to host a conversation about them as a tacit agreement with that topic or theme. But sometimes I find as well, that those same people aren't really interested in hearing what I have to think about the topic, nor have they done much thought about it themselves, they just know that they don't necessarily agree with it. And so it is stress some of those tertiary relationships. But if I'm being honest, tertiary relationships, for me, are just a small, small part of community, they're important. And they have room for growth. And that growth is important, but they are not the the massive ball of network that helps hold me when things break, which leads me to friends, people have heard me reference often a small group of friends, and we message all the time. And that small group of friends really is a place that I feel like I can usually be myself. And so it hasn't really affected those friends much. What I really liked though, is some of the newer friends and I have made from the show, and it was past guest, Alexander shy, I really enjoy have gotten to know him few other people as well. And I won't necessarily put their names on blast here. Because I don't know if they I don't know if they would want that. I didn't ask them ahead of time. So I won't do that. And then as far as my wife, so I actually didn't want to answer for her. So I asked her verbatim the question, and this was her answer. We don't always agree. And that's okay. And the things that we don't want to talk about, we don't talk about until we're ready to talk about it. But I will say this, you know, my wife and my family have been entirely supportive, although sometimes my wife will say, you know, you're pushing the envelope a bit too much. This is a little too controversial. Stop being so controversial. And and I take those warnings to heart, I think I don't know that I always listen. But I honestly feel like I'm getting better. And so I don't know if that answers that question. But it's the best that I've got. It's a huge question.

Another question that came in is, how is interviewing so many people helped my listening skills. And I will say tremendously, I used to cut people off all the time, I used to start to think that I knew where people were going to go with the sentence that they began all the time. And as I look back at some of those earlier episodes, I realized just how often I still did that. And I probably still do it. But I do think I'm getting better at it. One of the things that I really like to do is try to make a space where people can finish a complete thought without being cut off without trying to get edited for a gotcha moment. Because every person that I've ever talked to, regardless of whether or not they're some massive author, or a random person here, where I live, people are brilliant, and they have beautiful thoughts about so many things. And if you don't judge them, they'll tell you what they think. And usually I learned something. And so yeah, I think my listening skills have gotten a little bit better, although I think my kids would disagree. Another question was, what have I learned about myself and doing the show? That is an easy answer. I don't know hardly anything. I have so much to learn. And I don't know that that will ever not be the case. I think you could ask me that in 50 years, if I'm still alive. And I still would feel like I barely scratched the surface. But I find that actually beautiful. I think I used to find that infuriating. And I'm now beginning to find that beautiful, like, if we're talking about God, the fact that in my small lifetime, I can barely scratch the surface is something like that. I feel like that's the way that it's supposed to be. I feel like that's the most honest way to do it. And so that's the biggest thing I've learned about myself as well, however smart I or anyone else thinks they are. They're not. They're really smart on that one thing that is such a small thing. There was another question of can you remember an instance where something pricked your spirit was I surprised by it? I can. And it actually was from a listener of the show, who also is a friend. And there was a conversation with Brandon Robertson, where I had said something and I'd have to go back and listen to it. And, and maybe some of you will remember it. And maybe it didn't stick out. I know, it didn't stick out to me until it was further pressed upon me to kind of dig into it. And so we started talking about premarital sex, and they said on the other, and I had made a reference that my daughter was directly above me, and I have another daughter on the inside of the house. And that's entirely uncomfortable with it. And then the listener, it said, Well, I'm curious why you don't feel the same way about your son. And I end up writing about that, you know, in the honest discussions group a bit, because that's one of my favorite places on the internet. And I still don't really have a good answer for that. I have tried, as best I can, you know, in a phone call to answer that question with that person. And I haven't been able to, it is a very good question. And it's one where I still feel like I have trouble checking that bias of patriarchy, something I'm working at, but it is a valid question and one that I don't have a good answer for. And one that I'm aware that I don't have a good answer for, but it's still pricks. It still does that. And I don't know that I was surprised that it when I said it, but I am upon further reflection surprised that I don't have an answer.

Another question was how is podcasting changed my worldview? And I don't know that podcasting has, I feel like my worldview was changing. And that's kind of the reason that I started the podcast. And there were a lot of things behind that story of a worldview changing. And I mean, some of that in the very first episode of the show, although not very detailed. Yeah, I don't think the podcast has changed my worldview. But I do think that, you know, worldview is constantly evolving, as there are more influenced cultures and voices pouring into what I'm reading. You know, as I as I dig through things, I'm realizing, again, relating back to what I said a minute ago, I just don't know a lot. I mean, I learned something new almost every day. And every time I do that lens shifts a little bit. A common question I get, and one that was sent to me quite a few times, how do I kind of keep my sanity and my faith through criticism and condemnations that are going to come from this kind of work. And so that is actually a fairly easy answer. And so at the beginning of the show, I really took it personal. And I tried to fight back against people when they'd say that I was doing something wrong, or I was a heretic, or this out of the other. And now to be quite frank, it doesn't really bother me as much, I tend to read the comment. And then I go on about my day, I tend to read the email. And I have a stock email for those that send an email to criticize, and some of them have been quite long. But I understand that for that person, most likely, I can't think that people are just mean, they don't feel like you would go to the effort to do that. And so I usually just respond, hey, I'm sure you're coming from a place of concern. I really appreciate you listening. And I appreciate you taking the time to write down the email and writing this. Thank you so much. And that's really all that I say. And it doesn't matter if it's Facebook or Twitter or anywhere else, because it's not worth arguing about and unless they're going to engage in a conversation with me with intentionality where I can learn from them, and they can maybe learn from me, it's just not a conversation that is going to be fruitful. And I just, I honestly don't have time to have conversations like that. I don't know what good they will serve. And you can just go to Facebook and find any comment thread on anything political. And you'll see what I mean just people bickering. And so the easiest thing is I just, I just usually don't respond. And if I do it is that blanket response, I actually have it programmed in saved in my phone, so I can just copy and paste it. So some questions from

Canada. Here we go. Did I interview anyone that really shocked you? I don't know. I'd have to ask what you mean by shocked? If by shocked? Do you mean that I sat there floored? Like, what did you just say? Like, you know, like, like Will Ferrell and that GIF of the banker man, you know, what did you say? As I don't know if shocked is the word that I would use. But there were a few that left me at alert. And so there's one in specific that always draw back to so when I talked with open theism with Greg Boyd, I can't remember what we were talking about. But I can remember my mind breaking grade picking up on that and literally saying something to the effect of, I can see your brain dripping out of your ears. But stay with me. That one was shocking in that way. And then as well. Another one that I found shocking and appalling was a conversation and in the book as well of rethinking incarceration with dominate Gilliam, that whole concept. I didn't know anything about it. And as I read the book, it just became infuriated. And so I was shocked at a level of disgust. And it's called me to action and to learn to do more. And so that was that was I would argue that that's a good shock. Another one that comes to mind. And one that I think also shocked a few listeners would be john Dominic was on about Christmas, and the Gospels, his parable, I think that that is not a common thread or a common concept in the western church and in the church here in Virginia, or in most churches that I'm aware of. And so I think that one I personally found shocking. I found it also fascinating, but definitely shocking. Another question is, are there any that drastically changed my mind? Or made you open up to something new? I don't know that are many that it drastically changed my mind. But I will say every episode opens me up to something new. Yeah. And so here's probably one of my most terrifying question. So were there any interviews that you weren't looking forward to but in pleasantly surprised? And yes, there is one in particular, and I'm going to have to assume that David will never listen. But when I talked about sex trafficking with David sock, I was terrified. And I can actually remember, I was not looking forward to it. I mean, the topic is big, and it is worthy of discussion. But I was so afraid to do it wrong. so afraid to be frivolous to do lip service, and maybe also do harm or to cause someone trauma, as a listen to someone with no personal experience, talking about something so big, and so personal, and so active right now. So I was terrified doing that. Actually, I remember asking my wife, you know, hey, think about me, pray for me, do the things. And we're going to talk to David about this today. And I can remember her saying like, you signed up for this. And she's not wrong. But I was so pleasantly surprised. I mean, that has been one of the most impactful episodes for me, and introduced me to some music that has changed the way that I listen to music. It's introduced me to themes that I didn't know, to context and to other, you know, ministries that do that work, as well as just so many of the things that I still read about and applaud when it happens, give money to as I can. Because I think so I mean, it's there are a few things on this world that are topics for the next generation, you know, sex trafficking is among them the way that we handle inclusive ism with LGBT Q, all that stuff. But it was a massive topic. There's another question says, Are there any questions that you wish you hadn't asked? But you did. And I will say, probably, I can't think of any off the top of my head. But I know that I've cut some out. And for those of you that support the show on Patreon, you can listen to the unedited versions, for the most part. And I'm certain that there's some that I cut out being that I hold the master delete key, if there's something I didn't like, I literally just get rid of it. So I think for those most of the people that are listening to this this, that answer probably be no. But I can't come up with a specific. You can't come up with a specific instance in that. Who is a dream interview? That's a great question. And I think my answer changes. So when I first started the podcast, I actually made a top 10 list of people that I wanted to talk to. I've spoken with eight of those 10 the only ones I haven't spoken to or father Richard Rohr and Rob bell. To be clear, though, I've emailed Richard Rohr massive amount of times. And I just on a whim the other day, actually on Monday, a friend of mine said, Why don't you just email Rob, I was like, okay, so I did it was talking with him. And but outside of that they further that question saying, so now that we've reached 100 episodes, what's the next goal? And so for me, the goal of this show is I would like to bring more voices onto the show, from a lens of not having Christian backgrounds or Christian mentality. So I want to talk to, you know, more rabbis, I want to talk to Hindus and Muslims and Sikhs, because I think

that faith is a bigger umbrella than we often give it room for. And there's a lot of truth in that. And some past guests that helped me realize that, you know, Barbara Brown, Taylor, Alexander shy and a few others where I think there's so much more that we could be learning and myself included, and I just got to open that gate. I would love to at one time be able to for the show, because it is becoming bigger than it's hard to manage sometimes. And so I would love to eventually have enough support there that I can maybe pay somebody to edit these or something else. But that is not there yet. We're close. I also have grandiose dreams of doing a live event and 2020. I don't know where that will be. I'm going to do that. I think regardless, my wife will tell you usually when I make my mind up to do something, I just do it. Although I'll make it I'll ask ask everyone here a question. So if you're, if you have an idea of where to do that, let me know I want to have to find a consensus somewhere to be, there's going to have to be like a minimum out there. To make it feasible. The goal there is, is not to make any money, but really just to hang out, maybe do a live version of the show. But I would love to do that next year. So that's those are my two goals is maybe make a new top 10. Bring other voices and viewpoints to the show and do something live where I get to actually see some of the listeners and engage intentionally with them, as well as maybe do a live version of the show. Then I have alluded to I'm trying to write a book, I have an idea. And so they they they wrote when does the book come out, I have no idea. I'm still writing, I have thoughts I have the bare bones, I have a skeleton. It's really just finding the time and to be honest, these last few months. You know, school, going back with the kids, and honestly transcribing the back episodes, I sucked up a lot of time I didn't didn't really realize how long it would take. And in hindsight, I can see how ignorant I was. But I started it now I'm going to finish it. I'm a nine to the way through. The question was what is the future of the church? I have no idea. Yeah, I don't have a clue. I don't know that I'm qualified to answer that. But I think the future of the church needs to look something like what the church looks like an axe, I think it's going to have to be loosely organized, I think it's going to have to stop wasting money, it's going to have to stop an addiction to building and structures. And it's going to need to actually do things with the money that love on people and help fix things.

So if people are hungry, buy some food, with no reciprocity or expectation of that, because that's actually not grace. And that's not gratitude. That's not a gift. That's quid pro quo. And that is not the gospel. That's not how this works. And that's just one example. I think that's what the local church should look like. And I think if it can't find a way to pivot to that, to break apart a bit of the institution by itself, I think that the generation that's coming behind me as well as my generation will just break the church for the church, which is very sad to say out loud, but I've asked that question enough time to enough guests to realize nobody has an answer. And neither really do I. Another question, and this is a little bit behind the window here. So the question is, how long does it take beginning to end to finish making one episode? And so I'll give two answers to that. Because if it's an book interview, or a topic interview that has to have text behind, I usually won't interview the guest. unless I've read the bulk of the book, if not the full book. And if I haven't read the full book, I will tell them that in the interview, and you'll hear that like with Paul knitter, Terry Wardle, that just came out. And a few others will say, you know, and I remember Paul calling me out on enough. You know, I'm really struggling with this. And so I had to set the book aside. And then I asked him a question. And he's like, well, oddly enough, if you'd read the next chapter, I kind of addressed that, which I like the humility in that. And there's a reason that I left it in the show, because it matters. But to answer the question, I can read fairly quickly. And so if I have to read a book, we're talking, you know, 300 pages in week, but I usually read two to three books a week at the same time. And then it takes me probably a day to develop questions and thoughts out of that, but I don't usually write questions by script, I just write the topics and themes that I have questions about. And then I go from there. And then there's obviously the hour to hour and a half of actually having the conversation. And then whatever the conversation is, so it takes about double the length of the time of the conversation to edit it down. And so if it's a one hour chat, it takes me two hours to edit it down and mix just the audio. All that time. During the weeks, I'm listening for music and songs, emailing artists, production companies, record management labels, to try to get permission to use the music in the episode, because I always make sure that I have Express written permission, because I'm trying not to be sued. And that probably takes another hour or so in an average episode like that probably five to six hours, by the time is all said and done. And that does not count the new time that I've added for adding and transcription. I don't even know how to put that into words, because it happens over multiple days at many different times anytime I have some free time. So I don't actually know how long that takes. Now, for the ones that don't have a book or text behind them, those are a little easier. And so I will usually spend a day or two digging in to what I want to talk about. And then the rest is just like a conversation, I try my best to make it like a conversation at you know, at a ball game or a bar or something like that, where it's just as genuine as possible, I tend to not script out a pile of questions, just maybe a beginning and ending one. And the rest, I try to make it just as easy as possible. So those are actually some of the easiest to do. They're one of my favorite to do as well, because we're literally flying by the seat of the pants. And that's fun. Although I don't think that I would have said that at said that at Episode Three, or five or seven. But now it's fun. It's a great question. Another question is, as I reflect back on the past season of life, or hundred episodes, which is really two years, I mean, in November, that's it's two years. How has the Lord moved in my life since episode one. And I will say massively. And so through practices that I've learned about and been intentional with, and been held accountable to in a public space, you know, of examine, and just through wrestling through so many new ideas like I God, for me, he's gotten so big, and he can't fit into a Bible. And yet, I don't really have adequate words to explain the relationship and the growth of that relationship that I have with Christ, or God or the divine, give that whatever name you want. It has been an exponential growth. And it's like, every month something else grows. And sometimes that also is terrifying. But I also and I alluded to it earlier, it's life giving to realize just how little I know and how many questions I have. And that how big God is that there's not too many questions. And every question reveals another facet of God that I didn't quite get before. And now that I do get it like it literally, I think is helping me become a more patient and a more loving and a more kind person. But I'm probably biased in that answer. I don't know if I'm doing that better, you probably have to ask my family. A great question, though. The question is, do I feel like

we're ever worried that we've, we've moved out of one brand of certainty, and that we will just end up being another type of certainty that we start defending? Absolutely. Myself included? I find I'm catching myself to all the time of doing just that. So yes, absolutely. I think the church and humanity as a whole has a tendency to the next new thing that we learn. That is the accurate thing. And everyone that doesn't agree with me is ridiculously dumb. I try my best to keep that at bay. But I don't think that that's not ever going to be the case. It's just recognizing that we are. This next question is very big. And I've actually given it a lot of thought over. I don't know, probably about a week and I still don't know that I have a good answer. But I'm going to try my best. And so stick with me. It's a long question, but I think it is a valid one. It's an important one. And it goes to show how much church history so many people don't understand. It says in Africa, countries like Togo, Vodafone is still practice, often alongside Christianity. And so what do we say to those people, when we bring the gospel to, quote, show them the truth when colonizers came and forced them to renounce their spirituality and replace their African names with English ones, and worship a God who look nothing like them, stripping them of the resources and the self pride? How do I talk to them about Jesus? How are modern day missionaries? any different from the colonizers with respect to stripping people of their identity? Fantastic question. huge question. And what I was reminded of is when I was talking with James Danaher, where he had talked about someone was trying to translate a Bible into a different language, and it just ended up breaking, like talking about like, pig's blood and that type of stuff. And I can't remember if that's exactly right, but that's close. And I think so often, we missed the point, because we've drilled down the Bible into being so fit inside this box, if your faith doesn't fit into that, then we don't have any place for that. And I think in America, you know, we've done that with the indigenous here, the Native Americans, of every tribe, Mark Charles speaks very well to that. And so I don't know how to fix that outside of owning it, telling them what we did, profusely apologizing and actually meaning it, and then trying to help create a culture that is inclusive of being able to hold multiple things at once. I mean, that's, that's just this way it's going to need to be, but I don't know how to talk to them about Jesus. And I don't know that that's what we need to do. I'm not a missionary. So I don't know that I'm qualified to answer this. But what I would do, what I think I would do, is I would just go and try to be there and be like Jesus, to go and do something, to love them to find things that need to be mended to hold people that are crying, feed the hungry in the sick, I don't know that to talk to people about Jesus, we need to actually say anything. I think we need to be something, we need to do something. But I don't know that we always need to say something. Somebody asked, Why are there be next in the store? There are the next in the store. I don't know that anybody's ever bought one. So if you have an idea for a better one, let me know. But they definitely are the next in the store. And then they also asked, you know what brought me to the point of starting the podcast. I have told that story before. And so what I will do is I will actually probably plug a different podcast. And so the podcast is called the reckless pursuit. It's also on Carl forehands, podcast and a handful of others. I've told this story many times, and I think to do it again here would take a lot of time. And so what I might do is find those episodes, I'll link to them in the show notes of this. And if you want to hear more about that story, I would definitely go give those a listen. I think that's a great place to start. Another question was, are there any interviews that you wish that you could do over? And I would say all of them, and none of them. I think that doing a podcast and the way that I've done it, at least for me, it's kind of been like a Lego brick set where every podcast builds upon the next. Not necessarily thematically, but I feel like I get a little bit better each week, I learned how to read a little bit better to read and see things that maybe are subtext and then ask questions about that. And so I, I would love to probably go back and do them all over again. But I think if I did the questions would be entirely different. So the episode would turn out entirely different with a different theme and a different point of the show. Not that that's not worth revisiting. Actually, I kind of liked that idea. That would be a lot of extra work. But I love that idea. But I don't know that there are any that I wish I could do over Yeah, I don't know that I would even if I could, outside of audio quality, I'm very proud of everything that ever put out. Very, very proud. I don't know that I would ever do any of them over. I'm going to mix two of these questions together,

because I think that they blend. So one of which is you know, as I reflect from the inception of the podcast, to now has my measurement of success change. And then how have my standards changed. And I think those two are loosely related. And that's why I want to blend together. But my standards have changed in so much as just I needed to sound better. And I'm constantly finding ways to tweak and edit and mix and reduce background noise and that type of stuff. And as I go back and listen to the prior ones I'm not happy with those actually gave a lot of thought on fixing just the audio, and little clips and where I can hear myself breathing. And there was a part that my wife called me out on where I went like this in between, like, as I was thinking I would say, but and it would just like my voice would just drag. And you know if I found better ways to speak and so the standards that I set for myself or bigger on that, which is the way that it sounds. And I hope that it continues get better at that. But as I reflect on the inception of the podcast, I was my measurement of success change. At the beginning, I would look at like everyday the download stats in the countries that it was being listened to all of that stuff. And I really don't anymore, I look at the download stats at the first of the month, when I upload the full next month, because I try to upload for to time, because I got three kids and a bunch of other things going on. And I just don't have I don't have the extra time to do that every single week or work on it every night. I just don't. And so I no longer do that. Like the success for me is no longer about the download numbers, although they continue to tick up. And that is a blessing. It's not really how I measure success anymore. Success for me has become, am I personally growing? And are the conversations that I'm having outside of the episodes? Are they worthwhile? Are they helpful? And I will say they are I mean, I developed some deep relationships with many listeners of the show. Many guests of the show, I've met some beautiful people viewed absolutely beautiful people, because of the show. My life is better for it. And so for me, that is a much bigger success than any numeric downloads number. Although I'm fully aware, every time I check, like the show continues to clip off, it was at one point, I think growing at 30% month over month, and now it's like 18% month over month, but I'm blown away. Yeah, my ultimate goal would be for it to get as big as humanly possible. I would love to one day, maybe one day, maybe just do this for a living. Talk about God host conversations about faith. I don't even know how much that would cost though. I just I don't even my mind doesn't work that way. It's not the way I was raised or how my bank account is set up or the bills are paid. I don't even know what that looks like. But it's a good goal. Yeah. So here's a question about Are there any podcasts that I've discovered in my journey that have helped shape who I am, as I become hope, a better host? And I would say yes, but they're not theological podcasts. And so I find that I'm often listening to podcasts, I don't listen to hardly any religious podcasts, because I'm afraid that I'm going to steal topics or questions or quotations or someone else's lens or viewpoint, just because of the type of personality that I am that I just suck up information so quickly. And I want to make sure when I say something, it's me saying it and not regurgitation, although I'm certain that everything that's coming out of my mouth, for the most part is someone else's idea that I've heard somewhere else that I'd become to make my own. But I'm not at least consciously aware that I'm doing it. But I began listening to shows that tell stories, well, you know, shows that are scripted, that are acted out? Well, one of my favorite shows that has helped me become a better interviewer is actually a show called everything is alive. And it's a weird concept. But the show premise is it's a guy. And he interviews inanimate objects. But those inanimate objects, I think are assigned their role ahead of time. And so they have a real person give thought to, what would it be like to you know, be the printer that prints out the book all day. And so the guy interviews this inanimate object, and the questions are really good. And the way that he frames a conversation is good. And so that's mostly what I'm doing. I'm listening to people that write really well written shows, trying to find better ways to do cadence, and intentionality, to allow space for pregnant pauses, which I think a lot of people are uncomfortable with. Have I learned a better rhythm to keep control over time and topics? Now? I really haven't. I am blessed. Because I'm usually a night owl, I don't usually sleep more than five to six hours of sleep a night. Even if like I'm on vacation, for the most part. I just, I don't get a lot of sleep and I never have. And so that made it fairly easy for me to fit the show into my life because I can do everything after the fact.

I haven't learned about a rhythm at all, to better rhythm. Here's a very, very good question. So have I ever crashed and burned? During an interview? What happened? Yes, I crashed and burned many times. Many, many times. I can I can think of, you know, technologically, I've crashed and burned. I can think of just questions. I've crashed and burned. One of those would probably be john Walton. I remember doing that interview thinking God us really suck at this at like, I don't even know you're fooling like you were so far behind the eight ball. I remember editing it, I let that sit for like, five months. And then I edited it. And I thought to myself, this actually wasn't bad. But I really thought that I crash and burn there. There have been many episodes where the audio has dropped a missing entire 10 minutes segments. And we've had to go back the guest and I both and so many people are so generous with their time. So there was a time. You know, when I talked to NT, right, that was really hard. Because we kept dropping the call. We were in his office and the internet kept breaking on my end or his and I don't even know. But it's so frustrating. And there's been quite a few lately. Another one that I'm reminded of that I thought crashed and burned was with Austin Channing brown because her newborn was in that interview. And I tried my best edited out. I think I got most of it. But I really thought man, this is so distracting. And because of it, I was really worried that that I was all over the place. It took a little bit of editing magic, but I think I fixed it. Yeah, but and so many times I've crashed and burned. Luckily, most people are willing to restate what they said. And come back together there. All right, here we go. Last few questions. So one was, you know, and this is question comes from a person that has known me since man I was in high school. Is it the question was, you know, now that I'm a father, and I'm older, and I see the world differently than I did 20 years ago, at this point in my life? Is there anything that I'm like, man, my dad was right. And I thought about that. And I think I can honestly say yes, I can remember often growing up, my dad would say, you know, you need to know what you believe and why you believe it. And I can remember at the time really, what I thought that that meant was believe what I believe and know why I believe it because I'm smarter. And I'm older than you. And do you just need you just need to trust me that I'm right. And I think a lot of people think that about faith and religion and as well. But there's a lot of truth there. And so as I've gotten older, and I've learned more, I genuinely can 100% almost always tell people, you know, hundred percent tell people. Here's what I believe about God. And here's why. And there's very few topics that I don't have an answer for. And so I know what I believe, I know why I believe it. That's a moniker that I got from my dad. And on the inverse of that as well. If you ask me something I don't know about I have learned enough to just say I have no clue. Let's talk about it. point me in some resources, it's become really a blessing to view the world that way. Here we go. Last question. Here we go. What am I currently reading, listening to etc, to grow and develop for the next hundred episodes. And so as I talked about earlier, you know, I'm just going to pull down the computer here and look at some of the books that I'm reading. So I have a book on Buddhism. I have five books on religion and science and the interplay between those because I find that fascinating, like, really like I've been reading a lot about that. I have four books no three, how many books I have a few books on Islam. So I have one called my Islam by Amir Amman, Messer. I have the first Muslim by Lesley Hazleton and a few other books like that I've got a couple of novels that I'm digging into that look at the world from a worldview lens that isn't Christian. And I am really, really liking it. And so I'm reading books about science, and I'm reading books about Islam intentionally, because that's where I really want to pivot to, I've reached out to a few of moms around the area, and I'm really looking forward to doing that is that that's what I'm doing to develop for the next hundred I'm trying to. And so there's a prior a little bit, and I'm trying to learn more about other faiths. There's so much there. There we go. I am so thankful for every single one of you. I am not going to say rate and review and all that stuff because you know better so it's the end of the show. It's the wrapping of 100 episodes. That's like a century of episodes. And I'm sure that I'm mixing metaphors there and I don't care. I am so very thankful for every single one of you that is shared download, told your friends

gave me feedback good or bad. emailed in one way or not. I don't really care. I'm so very thankful for every single one of you. Thank you so much for everybody that sending questions. Some of these were really hard to answer and took a lot of thought. Some of them made me laugh and this was not a reflection of all the questions, but I think a good sampling. And so thank you all for listening. I can't wait to talk to you next week. I say this every week and I mean and you were whole and beloved. You're not broken. You are beautiful and blessed. I'm thankful that you're here. I cannot wait for the next episode one let's do another hundred